l Carnitine pretreatment ameliorates heat stress induced acute kidney injury by restoring mitochondrial function of tubular cells American Journal of Physiology Renal Physiology American Physiological Society If you are like a lot of people, you may have never heard of carnitine but this important nutrient is critical for our body's ability to optimally burn fat required for energy. The adverse effects of long term l carnitine supplementation on liver and kidney function in rats L Liu, D M Zhang, M X Wang, C Y Fan, F Zhou, S J Wang, L D Kong, 2015 L Carnitine and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Comprehensive Review on Nutrition and Health Perspectives